The reedy swamps extended over 78% from its territory represent the prevalent vegetation of the Danube Delta. Danube Delta's flora is resembles to the everglade flora, all its species being accustomed to the humidity surfeit.
Especially due to its recent certified geography, undergoing a continuous growth, the Danube Delta owns the features of a propitious landscape for its unique European flora and fauna, consisting in a various number of rare species. All these features have acclimatized themselves to prevalent aquatic environment, that's why the flora and the fauna too look so unusual. The terrestrial environment is depicted by the Letea, Caraorman, Stipoc, Saraturile and Chilia's plain bank ridges, droughty areas with a typical flora and a fauna, more adequate to the East-European steppes with a Mediterranean geography. The aquatic and the terrestrial environment are divided by a third environmental feature - the swamp, liable to flooding and bearing an alternatively due to adapt itself flora and fauna, even if talking about aquatic or terrestrial surfaces, according to the seasonal and annual hydrological conditions.
When the salt water meets the fresh water are taking place particular physical, chemical and biochemical processes which led the biologists to the conclusion that these entire area is based on a different system, named "acandelta".
The ecosystem of the running water is merely made up of the Danube branches, and also of some important brooks and canals. The most important feature of life, inhabiting this land is the plankton, both phyto- and zoo-plankton, serving as food for a big number of animals as: worms, mollusks, larvae, even small types of fish are able to grow, finding here favorable conditions to develop themselves. Still waters are building in their turn another ecosystem, made up of the lakes, the mud clogged brooks and canals, defined by a rich, submerged and floating flora.
This flora is represented by: the hornwort (Myrlophyllum), the morass weed (Ceratophyllum), the white water lily (Nymphaea alba), the yellow water lily (Nuphar luteum), the water caltrop (Trapa natans), the water plantain (Alisma plantago), the arrow head (Sagittaria sagitifolia), floating plants with roots, which live on the border of the lakes, the duck weed (Lemna), the floating fern (Salvinia natans), the water-soldier (Stratiotes abides), the crow silk (Spirogyra). Marshy lands liable to flooding form as well a separate ecosystem (reeds and floating reed islets), dominated by a vegetation mostly constituted of common reed (Phragmites communis), 80% and mace reed (Typha latifolia), sedge (Carex dioica), forget-me-not (Myosotis palustris), sour dock (Rumex hidrolapatum), brook mint (Mentha aquatica), dutch rush (Sairpus radicans), yellow water-flag (Iris prendocorus), gray willow (Salix cinerea). The bank ridges on the seashore, such as Letea and Caraorman, are represented by sandy reliefs made up of dunes, being covered with oak forests mixed with lianas and other species, which puts at the disposal of this land a subtropical aspect.
The flora, so particular in this place consists in various species of trees such as: oak (Quercus robur), ash tree (Fraxinus angustifolia), elm tree (Ulmus foliacea), white poplar (Populus alba), gray poplar (Populus canescens), trembling poplar (Populus tremular), shrubs such as blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), hip tree (Rosa canina), sea buckthorn (Hyppophae rhomnoides), tamarisk (Tamarix gallica), wild vine (Vitis silvestris), ivy (Hedera helix), hop plant (Humulus lupulus), all covered with lianas with a length around 25 meters (Periploca graeca).